The Hitler Youth movement became very popular,
and all our former friends belonged to the Hitler Youth.
And as time went by, they knew where the Jewish schools were,
and they would wait for us to come up-- come out of school in the afternoon and beat us up.
They would, what you call today, mug us. In other words,
they would look for our pocket money and take it and things of that sort.
I remember, to give you an instance--
This was later on, around 1937, '38.
I was studying for my bar mitzvah,
and I had to go to the home of our cantor...
that was going to teach me how to do what I had to do.
And there were some kids-- my age, not much older--
who knew that a cantor lived there,
because the cantor was very proud and he had his name on a brass plate...
with the title "cantor" underneath.
And these Hitler Youth children knew that Jewish boys would come there regularly,
one every hour during the afternoon, and they were waiting for us.
And they would beat us up.
And if you denied that you were Jewish or tried to,
they would go through your pockets.
And if you were carrying a kippah or anything like that,
they would really become quite cruel, as children can be,
both physically and verbally.
So it was a gradual thing which degenerated...
from just ignoring us to actually becoming physical...
and making life a little tough.